Reaction report free essay sample

Successful openness is of the utmost importance for making any relationship work. Correspondence can be verbal (talking), just as non-verbal (outward appearances, non-verbal communication, and so on ), and can direct how perfect two individuals are, and to what extent a relationship may last. Imparting incorporates communicating feelings, cooperation, contact and others that direct how the connection between two individuals will create. Having the option to open up to your accomplice, and brood your sentiments takes into consideration a superior comprehension, and more prominent affinity which are exceedingly significant. Viable correspondence can be legitimately associated with Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of affection, and the four ideas that are a piece of the marriage showcase endogamy, exogamy, homogamy and heterogamy all of which can help clarify basics of connections, just as the various kinds. Powerful correspondence has a cozy relationship with Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of affection. This wheel hypothesis portrays the improvement of adoration as a turning wheel. Comprising of 4 spokes compatibility, self-disclosure, common reliance, and satisfaction of the requirement for closeness. We will compose a custom article test on Response report or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Two of these segments are straightforwardly associated with powerful correspondence, compatibility and self-disclosure. Compatibility is when two individuals meet there is a feeling of â€Å"ease† and â€Å"understanding. † For compatibility to happen, verbal correspondence, just as non-verbal communication is a key segment in building this straightforwardness. I see compatibility as to some degree a flash between two people, and individuals must have the option to have a discussion, and show affecting non-verbal communication, for example, being a tease, the correct welcome (handshake, embrace, and so on ) to cause each other to feel good around one another to assemble the affinity. After compatibility is assembled, this prompts self-disclosure, the demonstration of picking up trust and trust in the relationship. I accept the way to picking up trust in a relationship is imparting adequately. In the event that you are unguarded with your accomplice and come clean about your past, way of life, and so forth a feeling of trust can fabricate, and you start to feel more trust in the quality of the relationship. Powerful correspondence just as Reiss’s wheel hypothesis of adoration have a cozy relationship with the four ideas that are a piece of the marriage showcase endogamy, exogamy, homogamy and heterogamy. The idea of exogamy is wedding outside of one’s family. It is essential to have viable correspondence in this example since growing up you figure out how your family gets things done and live. At the point when your entering a relationship with somebody, they have likewise grown up realizing there style of life. Imparting viably, and cooperating to consolidate various ways of life is basic to making the relationship work. This is significant in the self-disclosure part of the wheel in building a trust and trust in living and building a family unit with each other. This is additionally attached to getting commonly needy upon each other. Being commonly reliant methods sharing a way of life, for example, going on strolls, sharing jokes, and so on. Speaking with your accomplice while building your very own existence is a major piece of what makes a relationship. Endogamy is the demonstration of wedding somebody in a similar gathering as you (neighbors, work individuals, companions and so forth). In this circumstance a compatibility is worked before hand, prompting successful correspondence previously being available when the relationship is being constructed. Knowing somebody for some time before hand I accept can make a relationship more grounded on the grounds that you definitely know a great deal about the individual, and have a lot of things to impart about. Homogamy is picking a mate with comparative qualities. These qualities can included strict convictions, political perspectives, among others. In this sort of relationship, it appears as though affinity would be high. Individuals will in general feel progressively great around people who share similar standards and convictions, and would have the option to speak with each other effectively dependent on their convictions. This is extremely valuable in having somebody to converse with that you share a ton for all intents and purpose with, as that is an incredible beginning in building a specific solace level. Heterogamy is picking a mate whose qualities are not quite the same as your own. This is fundamentally the same as exogamy, where as your entering a relationship with new things, various convictions, method of living, and so forth and you should convey to manufacture a compatibility, and solace with your accomplice. You should carry on with your life in bargain, and ensure you can adjust your life to make it agreeable for both.

Filing Federal Timber Income Tax

Recording Federal Timber Income Tax Congress has given timberland proprietors some positive assessment arrangements. Here are five hints intended to assist you with taking advantage of these arrangements and abstain from covering pointless annual assessment or committing exorbitant errors. This report is just a presentation. Counsel the references and connections accommodated total data on the subject. Likewise comprehend that we are examining Federal personal assessment here. Numerous states have their own burdening frameworks which can be drastically unique in relation to government tax collection and is normally an advertisement valorum, severance, or yield charge. Recall these five focuses when documenting your Federal annual assessments on timber: Build up Your Basis Its key to build up your premise at the earliest opportunity and to keep great records. Premise is a proportion of your interest in timber rather than what you paid for the land and other capital resources gained. Record your expense of procuring forestland or the estimation of acquired woodland land as quickly as time permits. When selling your timber later on, you can utilize these expenses as an exhaustion derivation. Modify or venture up your reason for new buys or speculations. Venture down your reason for deals or different removals. Keep records to incorporate an administration plan and guide, receipts for business exchanges, journals, and landowner meeting motivation. Report premise and timber exhaustion on IRS Form T,â€Å"Forest Activities Schedule, Part II. You are required to document a Form T on the off chance that you guarantee some timber exhaustion derivations or sell timber. Proprietors with incidental deals might be excepted from this necessity, yet it is viewed as judicious to record. Record your years documentation utilizing this electronic variant Form T. Know Whats Deductible On the off chance that you own a backwoods to bring in cash, normal and important costs brought about for overseeing timberland land as a business or a venture are deductible regardless of whether there is no present pay from the property. This incorporates if youve performed reforestation work or built up huge timber stand recovery costs. You can deduct through and through the first $10,000 of qualified reforestation costs during the available year. Likewise, you can amortize (deduct), more than 8 years, all reforestation costs in abundance of $10,000. (Because of a half-year show, you can just guarantee one-portion of the amortizable segment the main expense year, so it really takes 8 duty years to recoup the amortizable part.) Do You Quality for Long-Term Capital Gains? On the off potential for success that you sold having timber during the available year held for more than a year, Yyu might have the option to profit by the drawn out capital additions arrangements on timber deal pay which will bring down your duty commitment. At the point when you sell standing timber either single amount or on a compensation as-cut premise, the net continues by and large qualify as a drawn out capital addition. Keep in mind, you can fit the bill for this drawn out capital increases treatment on timber just in the event that you hold the timber more than one year. You don't need to pay independent work charge on capital additions. Did You Have a Timber Loss? On the off chance that you had a timber misfortune during the available year, you can, much of the time, just take a reasoning for (setback) misfortunes that are physical in nature and brought about by an occasion or blend of occasions that has run its course (fires, floods, ice storms and tornadoes). Recollect that your conclusion for a loss or qualifying non-setback misfortune is constrained to your timber premise, short any protection or rescue pay. Make Required Reports to the IRS On the off chance that you had government or state cost-share help during the available year by means of accepting a structure 1099-G, you are committed to report it to the IRS. You may decide to bar a few or every last bit of it however you should report it. Be that as it may, if the program fits the bill for rejection, you can pick either to remember the installment for your gross salary and utilize helpful duty arrangements or to compute and avoid the excludable sum. Excludable cost-share help incorporates the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP installments just), Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP), Forest Land Enhancement Program (FLEP), Wildlife Habitat Incentives Program (WHIP) and Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP). A few states likewise have cost-share programs that meet all requirements for avoidance. Adjusted from USFS, Cooperative Forestry, Tax Tips for Forest Landowners by Linda Wang, Forest Taxation Specialist and John L. Greene, Research Forester, Southern Research Station. In light of a 2011 report.

A Literary Advent Calendar

A Literary Advent Calendar Behold! We bring good tidings and cheer! And also an advent calendar of Christmas poems, essays, and short stories. We trust you to police yourselves (unless you just want to binge on all them  at once, in which case no judgment). And remember: via GIPHY December 1st   December 2nd December 3rd December 4th December 5th December 6th December 7th   December 8th December 9th December 10th December 11th December 12th December 13th December 14th December 15th December 16th December 17th December 18th December 19th December 20th December 21st December 22nd December 23rd   December 24th December 25th

Anthropology, Cultural Studies, And Physical Anthropology

The study of anthropology traverse across four subfields that focus in archaeology, linguistics, cultural studies, and physical anthropology. Each field can specialize in an area of expertise. For physical anthropology, the sub-discipline bioarchaeology, incorporates both physical studies of human remains while contextualizing the data found from archaeological evidence and other sciences. One researcher explains that, â€Å"information from the human skeleton can be combined with historical documents and material culture to understand social processes on multiple scales,† (Hollimon 2011, 163). Bioarchaeology is unique in that it bridges biology and social science to create new theories and ask more meaningful questions. The virtuosity of bioarchaeology and why it is important is that it is a heavy question based field. It contextualizes all fields of anthropology that can span into answering specific questions asked by researchers in archaeology, culture studies, and physical anthropology. The questions that bioarchaeologists seek to answer can range from demography, diet, identity, food-ways, and mortuary analysis. In general, the study of gender in anthropology is a relatively recent phenomenon that covers all subfields. Since anthropology is the study of all things human, it is interesting that study of identity and gender are only recently in the field. McGee and Warms (2012), claim the trend in studying gender lies within identities that do not fit traditional westernShow MoreRelatedAnthropology and Its Branches1728 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropology is the study of human beings, in particular the study of their physical character, evolutionary history, racial classification, historical and present-day geographic distribution, group relationships, and cultural history. Anthropology can be characterized as the naturalistic description and interpretation of the diverse peoples of the world. Modern-day anthropology consists of two major divisions: cultural anthropology, which deals with the study of human culture in all its aspects;Read MoreAnthropology : Anthropology And Cultural Anthropology1472 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is anthropology? This is a question that can be answered in numerous ways, but we are going to define it as simple as possible. If we break the word down into its two components it means the study of human beings. â€Å"Anthropo† means human beings or human kind and â€Å"logy† or â€Å"logia† is Greek for the study or knowledge of something. When we put it all together, it is the study of human beings which can be very broad. Anthropology can be broken down into four subfields: physical anthropology, archaeologyRead MoreThe Full Scope Of Human Life871 Words   |  4 Pageswhat it truly means to be human. Many fields such as history, psychology, and sociology all offer a perspective in the study of humanity, but there are disting uishable from anthropology. Anthropology differs from other humanities fields due to its holistic nature, comparative research methods, and the strong emphasis on fieldwork and participant interaction. Anthropology is the study of people throughout the world, their evolutionary history, how they behave, adapt to different environments, communicateRead MoreWhat Is Human Nature?1735 Words   |  7 Pages1. By observing and analyzing the context of previous time periods, anthropology was certainly not created by accident or mistake. At the end of the 18th century, the Enlightenment period was occurring. This produced two products during the time period. First, humans were able to possess a newfound understanding of general principals in which the world works. They wanted to know all about universal human nature, such as why all human beings are alike. Secondly, out of the Enlightenment, we have anRead MoreAsdfghjkl894 Words   |  4 PagesSociology of Population (a.k.a., Demography) * Sociology of Religion * Undergraduate Sociological Education Anthropology is the study of humans, past and present. To understand the full sweep and complexity of cultures across all of human history, anthropology draws and builds upon knowledge from the social and biological sciences as well as the humanities and physical sciences. A central concern of anthropologists is the application of knowledge to the solution of human problems. HistoricallyRead MoreThe Role Of Physical Anthropology On Human Evolution843 Words   |  4 Pagestime, but that those species can be tied to a common ancestor. (Park, 2011) Through physical anthropology this idea can be supported. There are four subfields of anthropology. Physical anthropology is actually another name for biological anthropology, which is one of the subfields of anthropology that focuses its study on humans as a biological species. (Park, 2011) One area of physical anthropology used to study human evolution is paleoanthropology based primarily on the evidence found in theRead MoreHow Tech nology has Changed Anthropology872 Words   |  4 PagesHow technology has changed Anthropology â€Å"Anthropology is the most humanistic of the sciences and the most scientific of the humanities† – Alfred L. Kroeber Anthropology is holistic. Humans are social beings more than anything, but with underlying psychological, biological and cultural connotations. The field of anthropology encompasses everything and anything having to do with humankind throughout history. Anthropology attempts to answer the tough questions about the human condition. What influencesRead MoreThree Disciplines1097 Words   |  5 PagesThe Three Disciplines all appeal to me in some ways, but if I had to choose between anthropology, psychology, and sociology, I would have to choose psychology. The reasoning behind it will be explained in detail but it can be broken down to three main reasons; being the first discipline with verified results and facts rather than unproven theories, having more post-high school opportunities considering that I wish to pursue a career in business, and being the most in-depth discipline. PsychologyRead MoreWhat Is Anthropology? Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagesthe past century, Anthropology has come to be known as a study of an infinite curiosity about humans. Not only concerned with an interest in human beings and their developements, Anthropology is much more broad in concept of trying to understand the relationships between human beings and all possible questions about them. Anthropology is trying to understand all aspects of human beings through the broad discovery, study, interpretation and inference of past and present cultural characteristics. InRead MoreEssay about Cultural Studies 1st Exam1573 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Cultural Studies First Examination Due September 28th by Midnight Name ___________________________________________________________ Part One: Identifications (Write the correct terminology or name in the space provided by each statement. Some terms may not be used. Anthropology Human Race Orthopraxy Arbitrariness Informants Paralanguage Christianity Language Phonology Cultural Hybridization Language Family Pidgin Culture Language Ideology Priests Diachronic Langue

Who Caused Climate Change - 890 Words

Who Caused Climate Change? Throughout the years, climate change has become a topic that people are getting more concerned about as years go by. Climate change has an effect on the temperature around the world which cause nature to change drastically. Cars, airplanes, coal and other man-made things are considered to an enemies to climate change. Although it is a theory, other people think that climate change is something that is occurring to naturally by nature. Mankind has been accused of causing different amount of damage to the world in different ways. Humans cannot predict what nature has planned for us so we cannot jump to conclusions on the way nature works. Climate change could be affected by something on earth or may not, but it is yet to be determined. Climate change has cause harm to the earth and humans in daily basis. Transportation sectors like cars, airplanes, motorcycles, and equipment with engines produce carbon dioxide which affects the atmosphere. The number one cont ributor of carbon dioxide gas to the atmosphere is fossil fuels. According to the World Watch Institute, humans has increased the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere. The increases rate of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere is around 3.8 yearly. According to an UN report, humans has had an influence on climate change and global warming since the mid-20th century. Scientists concluded on the report that the increase of gas emissions is one of the main priority causes of climateShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment1445 Words   |  6 Pagescooler climates all are impacts of increasing temperatures that are happening right now. Within the next century, sea levels will rise 7 - 23 inches, Storms will become much stronger, floods/droughts will become more common, and many, many other negative environmental changes (Cook). 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For a better understanding, the process which brings all people and communities across the globe together, to experience a progressively universal, economic, social and cultural environment is called globalisation. Thus, by definition, the process of globalisation affects everybody throughout the world and also has a significant im pactRead MoreAmerican Scholar Katrina Wyman That Large Emitters Should Take Responsibility For Providing Immigration Rights1652 Words   |  7 Pagesemitters should take responsibility for providing immigration rights to all climate change displaced person. Wyman depicts climate change displaced persons identical to other vulnerable people that insist her to say that there may be a moral obligation to assist financially and technologically to all vulnerable people to relocate them in their home countries, but there is no obligation on emitter countries to treat all climate change displaced persons except the small island’s inhabitants as a distinctRead MoreThe Global Warming Debate On Our World880 Words   |  4 Pagesthat it is not caused by human activity but rather by natural causes. Further, this global warming debate has been an ongoing battle between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. In 2012 during Obamas second run for presidency, the global warming deba te went on full blast. That year Obama had announced a series of executive actions to reduce carbon pollution, prepare the U.S. for the impacted of climate change, and lead international efforts to address global climate change. 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Objective Relations Theory Free Essays

Projective Identification copyright 1996 Hannah Fox, CSW, BCD All rights reserved – may not be reproduced without permission of Hannah Fox (hfox@object-relations. com) This document can be found at: http://www. object-relations. We will write a custom essay sample on Objective Relations Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now com This presentation will explore several concepts and techniques within the Object Relations theory of family therapy which, if understood, provides a framework for looking at couples and families. Before talking about this approach to family therapy, I would like to explain what object relations theory is all about. Object Relations Theory was originated in England by a group of British psychoanalysts, including Klein, Balint, Fairburn, Winnicott, and Guntrip. Object relations theory was a break from Freud’s drive model, and differs from it as follows: Freud’s model held that a newborn infant is driven by animal instincts, such as hunger, thirst, and pleasure, but cannot relate to others. Relationships with others only develop later in the course of satisfying those needs. In this sense, Freud’s model considers relationships to be secondary. In contrast, object relations theory maintains that the infant can relate to others at a very early age and that relationships with others are, therefore, primary. The drive to attach oneself to an object is considered to be the major motivating force. Since we are talking about object relations theory, this is a good time to ask what an object is. In object relations theory, the word object is used with a very specific meaning. It’s not literally a physical person, but an internal mental structure that is formed throughout early development. This mental structure is built through a series of experiences with significant others through a psychic process called introjection. Because an infant’s earliest experiences are usually with its mother, she is usually the first internal object formed by the infant. Eventually, the father and other significant people also become internalized objects. Introjection, the process of creating internal mental objects, leads to another process called splitting. Splitting occurs because the infant cannot tolerate certain feelings such as rage and longing, which occur in all normal development. As a result, the infant has to split off parts of itself and repress them. What happens to those repressed split-off parts? They are dealt with through another important process, called projective identification. Projective identification itself is a very specific part of object relations theory. It is a defense mechanism which was conceptualized by Melanie Klein in 1946, having evolved from her extensive study and work with children. According to Klein, projective identification consists of splitting off parts of the self, projecting them into another person, and then identifying with them in the other person. For example, the earliest relationship the infant has with its mother is feeding and touching, but the mother is not always able to respond quickly enough to the infant’s need. Since the natural rage and longing the infant feels at such times are intolerable, to survive these feelings the infant â€Å"splits them off† and represses them from its consciousness. The â€Å"split off†feelings can be thought of as other parts of the self (ego). When such splitting takes place, the infant is free of the rage but has placed that part of itself inside the mother. To make itself whole again it must identify with the mother. The mother may or may not allow herself to become the cntainer for the infant’s negative feelings. Even if she doesn’t, the projective identification still occurs. The above process begins in the first half year of life, known as the paranoid-schizoid position. It is characterized by an ability to distinguish good feelings from bad, but an inability to distinguish the mother from the self. Depending on how consistent the mothering is, the infant may or may not progress to a higher level of development known as the depressive position. In the depressive position, which starts at about eight months of age, the child takes back its bad feelings from the mother and separates from her. The mother is now seen as a separate object, with both good and bad feelings of her own. The infant is aware of its own good and bad feelings. For a child to reach this level of development, the earlier mothering must be consistent. The mother must have accepted most of the child’s projected feelings. A child who reaches the depressive position will, in adulthood, be capable of experiencing, at best, such feelings as empathy, or will at least become neurotic. In contrast, if the mothering is not consistent, the child can’t take back its projected feelings and splitting continues both inside and outside the child. It remains in the paranoid-schizoid position or, at best, a precarious form of the depressive position. This type of development is associated with borderline personalities. In the above infant-mother example, the repressed parts of the self, if unresolved, will remain repressed into adulthood. Those parts will govern the choice of marital partner and the nature of marital relationships, and by extension the nature of relationships with children. By the time the couple or family come to therapy the projective identification process has likely progressed to the point of being obvious to the therapist, and will be seen in the members’ behavior toward each other. This is usually not so in individual therapy because it often takes time to build the transference relationship with the therapist. So what does this mean for the therapist? What does a therapist have to know in order to work with a family, using the object relations approach? The therapist needs to be trained in individual developmental heory from infancy to aging and to understand that the internal object world is built up in a child, modified in an adult and re-enacted in the family. The family has a developmental life cycle of its own, and as it goes through its series of tasks from early nurturing of its new members, to emancipation of its adolescents, to taking care of its aging members, the family’s adaptation is challenged at every stage by unresol ved issues in the adult members’ early life cycle. Conflicts within any of its individual family members may threaten to disrupt the adaption previously achieved. If any member is unable to adapt to new development, pathology, like projective identification, becomes a stumbling block to future healthy development. The clinical approach is to develop, with the family, an understanding of the nature and origins of their current interactional difficulties, starting from their experience in the here- and-now of the therapeutic sessions, and exploring the unconscious intrapsychic and interpersonal conflicts that are preventing further healthy development. Interpretation and insight are thus the agents of family change. By uncovering the projective identifications that take place among family members, and having individuals take back their split-off parts, members can be freed to continue healthy development. If further therapy is indicated, individual therapy would be a recommendation. Symptom reduction in individuals is not necessarily a goal here. In fact, individual family members may become more symptomatic as projective identificationsare taken back and the members become more anxious. To do this, the therapist needs the following four capabilities: . The ability to provide a â€Å"holding environment†for the family – a place which is consistent – so that eventually the family comes to feel comfortable enough to be themselves in the presence of the therapist. 2. An ability to understand the â€Å"theme†of each session, so that a broad theme can be identified over the course of treatment. 3. An ability to interpret the latent content of patients’ manifest stat ements. 4. An understanding of unconscious processes like transference and countertransference. Given those tools, it is the therapist’s job to uncover the projective identifications in the family that prevent the children from having a healthy development. Once these projections are uncovered, and the split-off parts given back to the family members they belong to, children are freer to continue healthy development. Having introduced projective identification, I’d like to show how this process operates later in life-in couples and families-and is a framework for doing couple and family therapy. I’m going to present two cases-one of a couple and one of a family-to show how projective identification works. A male patient of mine with little ambition fell in love with a woman who subsequently pushed him to be ambitious. As it turned out, the woman had been repressing her own ambition under pressure from a father who didn’t believe women should work. This woman was quite intelligent and obtained a professional degree, yet she chose to stifle her ambition in order to please her father. She remained dependent on her father, both emotionally and financially. The husband, my patient, was a professional but quite unambitious. His family’s philosophy was that one is lucky to have a job and pay the bills. His father had held the same low paying job for twenty years although he, too, had a professional degree. So why did these two people get married? Since it was unacceptable for her to be ambitious, the wife needed someone to contain those feelings for her. My patient was the ideal object because, although he had an inner ambition, he had no parental support for these strivings. Therefore, he was predisposed to accept and collude in his wife’s projection. What is the effect of projective identification when a couple has children? The following example shows how parents use their children as objects. Fern was a woman in her second marriage with two adolescent children. When Fern was a child, her mother favored her brother. The message she received from her mother was that men were important and had to be taken care of, while women were stupid and born to serve men. Both of Fern’s husbands agreed with her mother’s philosophy, so Fern spent most of her married life serving them. When the family came to see me, both children were having emotional problems. The son was a heavy user of pot and cocaine. His sister had emotional and learning problems in school. Fern had projected into her son that males were special and needed to be taken care of. It’s not hard to see why the son colluded with his mother. The rewards of accepting her projected feelings were too hard to resist, so when he reached adolescence he satisfied his excessive dependency needs with drugs. The message Fern’s daughter received was that she was unimportant and stupid. Why did Fern project these feelings onto her daughter? Fern grew up unable to develop her own career goals because her other ignored her wishes to go to college. For Fern to feel sufficiently competent and achieve some career success, she had to get rid of feelings that she was stupid and unimportant. So she projected those feelings on to her daughter and was then able to start a small business. To avoid being totally rejected by her mother, the daughter colluded by remaining stupid and unimportant to herself. Fern’s reenactment with her daughter of her mother’s relationship with her is a form of projective identification called â€Å"identification with the aggressor,†because Fern is acting as if she is her own mother and her daughter is her (when she was a child). Fern’s relationship to her son is also similar to the relationship Fern’s mother had to Fern’s brother. Because Fern is treating her children so differently, when they grow up they will have very different views of this family. This explains why, in therapy, siblings often talk about the same family very differently. Notice how unresolved feelings from childhood, which Fern split off and repressed, greatly affected her relationship with both children. What do you think is going on in her second marriage? Now I will present an actual transcript of part of a session I recently had with this family. As you will see, it illustrates the process of projective identification and will serve as a basis for further discussion. T: Fern, I wonder, when Donald was talking about being like Roberta and John asked him a question how did you feel? F: What do you mean how did I feel? T: When John asked Donald when he figured out that he was like Roberta and Donald said just now. J: How do you feel about him saying just now. T: And you changed the subject and I wondered what you were feeling. F: I don’t know. I T: Donald owned up to some feelings that he was like his father and that part of what he saw in Roberta was like himself. F: Donald is definitely part of D: No but what she’s saying is that you changed the subject. That is why she’s wondering if you have some feelings about that. T: Exactly. You seemed to have moved away from what was going on here. John was talking to Donald R: She doesn’t want us to be like our father. T: Maybe that was upsetting to you? R: He wasn’t good to her. D: Subconsciously maybe. It’s deep but it’s there. F: Well, I don’t like Martin, naturally. It’s true. I don’t like him – I don’t think he’s a nice person. R: You don’t like him at all? D: She loves him but doesn’t like him F: I loved him but I never liked him as a person. I never thought he was a good person; that he really cared about me, that he took care of me, that he was ever concerned with me. I remember a couple of things that – I remember having a bloody nose one night when I was pregnant and he went out to play racketball and left me alone. Things like that – He was mean to me – he had no compassion for me. D: That’s one thing, I’m not like my father. F: I’m not saying – I’m trying to say I see certain characteristics of their father in them. T: How does that make you feel? F: How does that make me feel? I don’t know. I guess part of it, not too good because I would rather them be above that, that is, above that anger, why can’t they rise above that anger. I don’t want them to be like that because it didn’t get Martin anyplace in life. J: I have a very deep question. F: I don’t know if I want to answer it. J: You may not but how can you find that with Roberta and Donald being so much alike in prsonality, like Martin, how do you separate Donald’s being like Martin and accepting it from Roberta and saying Roberta is just like her father and not accepting it? F: Because Donald never directed his anger at me as a person, as a human being. In other words he never – he might have been angry but he never said to me – he never was mean to me, whereas Roberta has been mean to me, attacked me as a person, Donald never attacked me as a person. T: Donald attacked himself as a person. D: Hmm. T: By taking drugs. F: But he never attacked me as a person. D: Never, I’m not a mean person. I don’t have that mean streak in me. T: You sure? F: You may have it in you D: I don’t have a mean streak. F: Sure, everyone T: Who did you direct that meanness to? Roberta directs it out to her mother and who did you direct it to? D: I direct it to her. T: No R: No you directed it at yourself. D: Myself, yeah – I’m mean to myself. F: You were destructive to yourself. T: So what D: But that’s different from being destructive to other human beings. F: No, maybe you would have been better off being mean to me or somebody else. Or to your father. R: Let’s get back to Uncle John’s question. J: No this is part of the answer. D: Yeah – I’m mean to myself. I still am. But I don’t destroy myself with anything – with any kind of substances, but I still am. R: What do you mean, you still are? D: I’m hard on myself, critical of myself. R: See, you would never think that of Donald because he walks around like he’s above the world. He does. T: But why would somebody walk – D: But I’ve been working on that very heavily now T: But why would someone D: That’s the way I am; it’s the way I am. T: Why would someone walk around like that. D: It’s very basic – when I was on drugs and everything like that and I’m fully aware of it, aware that I’m conceited and like I have that air about me – I’m fully aware of it. When I was on drugs I had that part to me but it wasn’t as strong as it is now. T: You weren’t aware of it then? D: I wasn’t really in control of the fact that I control my conceitedness now – I choose to put that on because I have nothing, I have nothing else now. T: Right D: It seems it’s like my only defense, to be arrogant and to be conceited because I don’t have anything else to back me up so I figure that wall. R: Why do you need – I don’t need anything. D: Roberta – because when I was on the drugs and everything like that, it was a great wall for me to keep everybody out. Now I want everybody to think big things. Discussion Now let’s look at the latent content of this session and identify the projective identifications. Fern was angry at Roberta and not at Donald — why? As John pointed out with his question, Fern saw Roberta and Donald very differently, because of her projective identifications into them. Fern saw Roberta as bad and stupid, just as her mother viewed her when she was a child. She put all her badness and negative feelings into Roberta. Roberta then acted out Fern’s feelings by being emotionally disturbed and acting stupid. Her emotional problems exacerbated what had been a genuine perceptual impairment. Because of her projective identification, Fern saw Donald as the good son who needed special attention and care, which was what Fern had seen between her own mother and her brother. Because Donald was not fully accepted by his mother, especially for those qualities that were like his natural father, he acted out his mother’s feelings. He was good to her but repressed the rejected parts, turning them against himself by secretly taking drugs. Yet, his mother continued to hold him in high regard, even after his habit had been found out. What Fern did was re-create the family constellation in which she had grown up. Because both children were carrying out their mother’s inner life, they were unable to grow and develop their own healthy structures. The next step in therapy was to get Fern to take back the split-off parts of herself: the devaluing of her daughter and the overvaluing of her son. This should help the children take back the part of themselves which they split off and repressed. In subsequent sessions, Fern and I explored what it was like growing up with her mother. She explained that her mother told her that she was stupid and that her brother was special. Fern’s daughter told Fern that she was doing the same thing as her mother and that the daughter felt stupid. Fern responded that she had never meant to treat her daughter as stupid. She also realized that her son had many problems and was not so special. In doing so, Fern reclaimed her split-off parts, freeing her daughter to continue a healthier development. Her son was able to leave home and become more independent. How to cite Objective Relations Theory, Essay examples

Educational Technology and Other Learning Resources free essay sample

One of the biggest concerns that have been aroused in academic sittings is the presentation of appropriate educational resources. Perhaps so, this paper will discuss my understanding of educational resources I have learned reading chapter 11 of Jeremy Harmer 2010. One of the things that I learned from this chapter is that not academies use the same resources to present suitable ideas, facts, and skills that are to develop students’ knowledge of the world or to enhance the inborn abilities of students in field of education. In addition, different means such as projectors, laptop computers, Audio players, electronic whiteboards and overhead screens, textbooks, are used to display arranged teaching information in classrooms all around the world; moreover, I also learned about some other classes that are designed without all these resources. Thus, in this kind of classrooms the instructors simply approach the class, for example, with a picture or He/She can take on students through their own thoughts and experiences that bring from outside the class. We will write a custom essay sample on Educational Technology and Other Learning Resources or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In classrooms where instructors design lesson plans based on using simple objects like picture, posters and flash cards, it is critical to consider whether or not students respond effectively. I realized that some students do not respond when they are provided with simple means as teaching materials, because they think that they are being treated childishly. So, it is important to stimulate students’ interest according to what they like to deal with. After reading this chapter, I learned that there is always a better way to project a successful classroom lesson. I was always thinking about the textbooks with large tittles and confusing activities at the end of each chapter. It was not easy for me to think of how I can present or teach this kind of textbooks if I will become a teacher. Now, I learned that a teacher would simply change the activities and ignore confusing large tittles and even He/She would replace the textbook with another textbook. I also learned different ways of finding information from dictionaries, encyclopedias and online. Dictionaries usually present information about particular items in clear and concise forms, and encyclopedias present classified information about every possible topic. The information that is taken from a side online is not alwayscredible, so I learned first to find out if the side is credible and then decide if I can use it as a source of information for my student. In conclusion, I learned that there are many sources of information that can be used in classrooms; however, teachers should be careful about students’ reaction about the information they want to present as teaching materials. If the procedure that is not suitable with students’ interest would not result in an effective lesson in academic campus.